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January 9, 2026 Current Affairs
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Complete Coverage: 14 Current Affairs Topics
This comprehensive post covers all 14 current affairs topics from January 9, 2026. Each topic includes detailed analysis, static GK connections, tables, and exam-focused points specifically designed for UPSC, SSC, Banking, Railway, and State Government Exams.
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1
New Reed Snake Species Discovered in Mizoram
Key Points
Species Name: Calamaria mizoramensis
Discovered by: Mizoram University scientists
Published in: Zootaxa journal
Genetic divergence: 15% from closest relatives
Habitat: 670-1,295 meters elevation
Locations: 6 places in Mizoram
📊 Discovery Details Table
| Parameter | Details | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Species Name | Calamaria mizoramensis | Named after Mizoram state |
| Discovery Year | January 2026 | Recent discovery |
| Journal | Zootaxa | International recognition |
| Previous Error | 2008 misidentification | Corrected after genetic study |
| IUCN Status | Least Concern (tentative) | Not endangered currently |
| Global Count | 70 Calamaria species now | Contribution to biodiversity |
Static GK Connections - Mizoram & Biodiversity
Mizoram Statehood: 20 February 1987
Capital: Aizawl
International Borders: Bangladesh & Myanmar
Tropic of Cancer: Passes through Mizoram
Herpetology: Study of reptiles & amphibians
IUCN Founded: 1948 (Gland, Switzerland)
BSI: 1890 (Kolkata)
ZSI: 1916 (Kolkata)
2
Madhav Gadgil - Renowned Ecologist Passes Away
Life & Contributions
Age at passing: 82 years
Date: January 7, 2026
Place: Pune residence
Known for: Western Ghats conservation
Award: UN's highest environmental honour
Book: "A Walk Up the Hill" autobiography
🔄 Western Ghats Committees Comparison
| Committee | Year | Chairperson | Key Features | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gadgil Committee | 2011 | Madhav Gadgil | 3 zones (ESZ 1,2,3), Complete ban in ESZ1 | More stringent |
| Kasturirangan Committee | 2013 | K. Kasturirangan | 37% as ESA, Banned mining & thermal plants | Moderate approach |
📝 Exam Tip: Western Ghats Facts
UNESCO World Heritage Site: Inscribed in 2012
Also known as: Sahyadri Mountains
States covered: 6 states (Gujarat to Tamil Nadu)
Highest peak: Anamudi (2,695 m) in Kerala
Biodiversity: One of world's 8 hottest hotspots
3
Manoj Kothari - World Billiards Champion Passes Away
🏆 Career Achievements Timeline
| Year | Achievement | Details | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | IBSF World Champion | Maiden world title | First major international win |
| 1997 | World Doubles Champion | With Ian Williamson (England) | International collaboration |
| Multiple | State Champion | 16 times champion | State level dominance |
| 2005 | Major Dhyan Chand Award | Highest sports lifetime award | National recognition |
| 2011-2026 | National Coach | 15+ years as coach | Mentored next generation |
| 2025 | IBSF Lifetime Award | Lifetime achievement | International recognition |
Sports Organizations & Awards
IBSF: Founded 1971 (Doha, Qatar)
BSFI: Billiards & Snooker Federation of India
Major Dhyan Chand Award: Highest lifetime sports award
Arjuna Award: For outstanding performance
Dronacharya Award: For coaches
Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna: First to Viswanathan Anand (1991)
Prominent Players: Geet Sethi, Pankaj Advani
ABSF: Asian Billiards & Snooker Federation (1987)
4
Australia Shatters 134-Year-Old Ashes Record
📈 Historical Records Comparison
| Record Type | Year | Team | Venue | Partnerships | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Previous Record | 1892 | England | Adelaide | 6 of 50+ | 134 years old |
| New Record | 2026 | Australia | Sydney | 7 of 50+ | Current |
| India's Feat | 2007 | India | The Oval | 7 of 50+ | Equal record |
🎯 Match Statistics
Travis Head: 163 runs (aggressive)
Steve Smith: 129* (37th Test century)
Joe Root: 160 runs (England)
Australia: 529/7 (1st innings)
England: 384 all out
Lead: 134 runs for Australia
Series: Australia leads 3-1
Venue: Sydney Cricket Ground
Cricket GK for Exams
The Ashes: England vs Australia Test series
Origin: 1882 after satirical obituary
BCCI: 1928 (Mumbai)
ICC: 1909 as Imperial Cricket Conference
MCC: 1787, custodian of Laws
First Test: March 1877 (MCG)
Test Colors: White jersey, red/pink ball
WTC: World Test Championship (2019)
5
Earth's Rotation Day - 175th Anniversary
🌍 Earth's Motion Parameters
| Motion Type | Time Period | Speed/Velocity | Effect/Result | Important Facts |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rotation | 24 hours (solar day) | 1670 km/h at equator | Day-Night cycle | Causes day and night |
| Sidereal Rotation | 23h 56m 4s | Same as above | Relative to stars | Used in astronomy |
| Revolution | 365.25 days | 30 km/s around Sun | Seasons change | Leap year adjustment |
| Axial Tilt | 23.5° constant | N/A | Seasons occur | Responsible for seasons |
| Precession | 26,000 years cycle | Very slow | Changes pole star | Long-term cycle |
📅 Important Dates & Lines
Summer Solstice: June 21 (NH), Dec 22 (SH)
Winter Solstice: Dec 22 (NH), June 21 (SH)
Vernal Equinox: March 21
Autumnal Equinox: September 23
Tropic of Cancer: 23.5°N
Tropic of Capricorn: 23.5°S
Arctic Circle: 66.5°N
Antarctic Circle: 66.5°S
6
DRDO 68th Foundation Day - Record Achievements
🚀 DRDO Achievements 2025
| Achievement Category | Number | Value | Progress |
|---|---|---|---|
| AoN Approvals | 22 approvals | ₹1.30 lakh crore | Record high |
| Defence Contracts | 11 contracts | ₹26,000 crore | Signed in 2025 |
| LAToT Agreements | 245 signed | Total: 2,201 | Technology transfer |
| Laboratories | 52 now | Started: 10 labs | 5x expansion |
| Industry Tests | 4,000+ tests | For private sector | Industry support |
| New Projects | 66 projects | ₹228 crore | Sanctioned 2025 |
🎯 DRDO Missile Systems
Agni Series: Ballistic missiles (700-5000+ km)
Prithvi: First major project (1983)
Akash: Surface-to-air defense system
Nag: Anti-tank guided missile
Brahmos: Supersonic cruise (joint with Russia)
Akash NG: Next generation air defense
Pralay: Tactical surface-to-surface
IGMDP: Started 1983 by Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
Defence Organizations & Policies
DRDO Founded: 1958 (New Delhi)
Ministry: Ministry of Defence
DAP: Defence Acquisition Procedure
DPEPP 2020: Self-reliance policy
Defence Corridors: UP & Tamil Nadu
DPSUs: HAL, BEL, BDL, MDL
CDS: Chief of Defence Staff
COSC: Chiefs of Staff Committee
7
Federal Bank Unveils 'The Fortuna Wave' Brand
🏦 Federal Bank Details
| Aspect | Old Identity | New Identity | Change/Improvement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Logo Design | Boxed structure | Fluid wave elements | More modern & digital |
| Color Scheme | Traditional colors | Digital-friendly palette | Better online visibility |
| Typography | Standard font | Rounded, fluid typeface | More approachable |
| Symbolism | Limited symbolism | 3 waves (Authenticity, Togetherness, Prosperity) | Clear brand values |
| Digital Focus | Traditional banking | Digital transformation | Future-ready |
📊 Banking Sector GK
RBI: April 1, 1935 (Mumbai)
Banking Regulation Act: 1949
Nationalisation: 14 banks (1969), 6 more (1980)
First Indian Bank: Bank of Hindustan (1770)
Oldest existing: SBI (1955), predecessor 1806
First Indian-owned: Punjab National Bank (1894)
Narasimham Committee: 1991 reforms
IBC: Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code (2016)
8
A.K. Balasubrahmanian Appointed AERB Chairman
⚛️ Nuclear Energy Organizations in India
| Organization | Established | Headquarters | Key Function/Role | Current Head |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atomic Energy Commission | 1948 | Mumbai | Policy making body | Chairman |
| Department of Atomic Energy | 1954 | Mumbai | Administrative control | Secretary |
| Atomic Energy Regulatory Board | 1983 | Mumbai | Safety regulator | A.K. Balasubrahmanian |
| Nuclear Power Corporation | 1987 | Mumbai | Operates nuclear plants | CMD |
| Bhabha Atomic Research Centre | 1954 | Mumbai | Research & development | Director |
🔬 India's Three-Stage Nuclear Programme
Stage 1: Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) using natural uranium
Stage 2: Fast Breeder Reactors (FBRs) using plutonium (PFBR at Kalpakkam)
Stage 3: Thorium-based reactors for sustainable energy
Formulated by: Dr. Homi J. Bhabha (Father of Indian nuclear programme)
Nuclear Power Plants & International Relations
First Plant: Tarapur (1969) Maharashtra
Largest: Kudankulam (Tamil Nadu) Russian cooperation
PFBR: Kalpakkam (Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor)
NPT: India not signatory (1968)
IAEA: Member since 1957 (Vienna)
NSG Waiver: 2008 India-specific waiver
NSG: Nuclear Suppliers Group (1974)
Atomic Energy Act: 1962 legal framework
9
India First to Commercially Produce Bio-Bitumen
🛣️ Bio-Bitumen vs Petroleum Bitumen
| Comparison Parameter | Bio-Bitumen | Petroleum Bitumen | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Source/Raw Material | Biomass & agricultural waste | Crude oil refining by-product | Renewable vs Non-renewable |
| Environmental Impact | Reduces crop burning pollution | High carbon footprint | Eco-friendly |
| Cost Factors | Cost-effective long term | Price linked to crude oil | Price stability |
| Import Dependency | Reduces imports significantly | High import dependency | Self-reliance |
| Technology Origin | CSIR India research | International technology | Indigenous innovation |
| Circular Economy | Waste to wealth model | Linear consumption model | Sustainable approach |
🌱 Government Bio-Energy Initiatives
National Policy on Biofuels: 2018 (amended 2022)
Ethanol Blending Target: 20% by 2025-26 (E20)
GOBAR-DHAN Scheme: 2018 for waste management
SATAT Scheme: Compressed Biogas production
National Bioenergy Programme: Promotion of bioenergy
Viability Gap Funding: For bioenergy projects
Road Infrastructure Organizations
CSIR: 1942 (New Delhi)
NHAI: 1988 under NHAI Act
MoRTH: Ministry of Road Transport & Highways
CRRI: Central Road Research Institute (1952)
IRC: Indian Road Congress (1934)
Bharatmala: 2017 highway development
PMGSY: 2000 rural road connectivity
NHDP: National Highways Development Project (1998)
10
UN Declares 2026 International Year for Rangelands
🌍 Rangelands vs Forests Comparison
| Ecosystem Type | Global Coverage | Carbon Sequestration | Biodiversity | Current Focus | Threats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rangelands/Grasslands | 54% of land surface | High capacity (overlooked) | Unique grassland species | Marginalized in climate talks | Conversion to agriculture |
| Forests | 31% of land surface | Well recognized | High forest biodiversity | Major climate focus | Deforestation |
| Savannahs | 20% of land surface | Significant but ignored | Mixed grassland-tree species | Limited attention | Land use change |
⚠️ Threats to Grasslands Worldwide
Agricultural conversion & expansion
Invasive species introduction
Fossil fuel extraction activities
Fire suppression policies
Climate change impacts
Overgrazing mismanagement
Urbanization pressure
Marginalization of indigenous practices
International Climate Organizations
UNFCCC: 1992 Rio Earth Summit
Kyoto Protocol: 1997 implementation
Paris Agreement: 2015 at COP21
COP: Conference of Parties (supreme body)
COP28: 2023 Dubai
COP29: 2024 Baku, Azerbaijan
Green Climate Fund: 2010 under UNFCCC
Global Environment Facility: 1991
🇮🇳 India's Climate Commitments
NDC Targets: Reduce emissions intensity by 45% by 2030 (2005 baseline)
Renewable Energy: 50% electric power capacity from non-fossil by 2030
Net Zero: Achieve by 2070
Green Hydrogen: National Mission launched
LiFE Movement: Lifestyle for Environment initiative
11
U.S. Withdraws from 66 International Organizations
🌐 U.S. International Engagement Status
| Organization Type | Organization Name | U.S. Status | Year of Withdrawal | Primary Focus Area | Impact of Withdrawal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate Action | UNFCCC (Paris Agreement) | Withdrawn | 2026 | Climate change mitigation | Major global impact |
| Renewable Energy | International Solar Alliance | Withdrawn | 2026 | Solar energy promotion | Funding reduction |
| Health | World Health Organization | Previously withdrawn | 2020 | Global health coordination | Program cuts |
| Education/Culture | UNESCO | Previously withdrawn | 2017 | Education & heritage | Funding loss |
| Human Rights | UN Human Rights Council | Previously withdrawn | 2018 | Human rights monitoring | Credibility impact |
| Strategic Engagement | International Labour Organization | Remains member | - | Labour standards | Selective engagement |
📈 Historical Pattern of U.S. Withdrawals
WHO Withdrawal: 2020 (rejoined later)
UNESCO Withdrawal: 2017 (funding issues)
UNHRC Withdrawal: 2018 (perceived bias)
Paris Agreement: 2017 announced, 2020 effective
TPP Withdrawal: 2017 (trade agreement)
Iran Nuclear Deal: 2018 (JCPOA withdrawal)
Latest: 66 organizations in January 2026
Pattern: Retreat from multilateralism
United Nations & International Organizations
UN Founded: 1945 (New York)
Member States: 193 + 2 observers
UNSC P5: USA, Russia, China, UK, France
WHO: 1948 (Geneva)
UNESCO: 1945 (Paris)
ILO: 1919 (Geneva)
ITU: 1865 (Geneva)
IMO: 1948 (London)
12
Goa CM Launches 'History That India Ignored' Book
📚 Historical Events Covered in the Book
| Historical Event | Year | Key Figures | Significance | Current Relevance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian National Army | 1942-1945 | Subhas Chandra Bose, Rash Behari Bose | Armed struggle for independence | Alternative independence narrative |
| Vellore Mutiny | 1806 | Indian sepoys against British | Precursor to 1857 Revolt | Early resistance movement |
| Battle of Imphal | 1944 | Japanese & INA forces | World War II in India | INA's military campaign |
| RIN Mutiny | 1946 | Royal Indian Navy sailors | Last major rebellion before independence | Naval forces' contribution |
| Azad Hind Government | 1943 | Subhas Chandra Bose | Provisional government in exile | Diplomatic recognition struggle |
🎯 Subhas Chandra Bose - Key Facts
INA Formation: 1942 (Rash Behari Bose), 1943 revived
Famous Slogans: "Give me blood and I will give you freedom"
Another Slogan: "Jai Hind" (popularized by him)
Forward Bloc: Founded 1939 after leaving Congress
Azad Hind Government: October 21, 1943 in Singapore
INA Trials: 1945-46 Red Fort Trials (Shah Nawaz Khan etc.)
Mysterious Death: August 18, 1945 (Taiwan plane crash)
Netaji: Respectful title meaning "Respected Leader"
Goa & Indian History Facts
Goa Liberation: December 19, 1961 (Operation Vijay)
Goa Statehood: May 30, 1987 (25th state)
Portuguese Rule: 451 years (1510-1961)
Capital: Panaji (formerly Panjim)
Old Capital: Old Goa (Velha Goa)
News Agencies: PTI (1947), UNI (1961), ANI (1970s)
Author: Prem Prakash (ANI Chairman)
Publisher: Vitasta Publishing Private Limited
13
Tamil Nadu Signs MoU with UN Women
🤝 MoU Details & Implementation
| Aspect | Details | Implementing Department | Expected Outcome | Timeline |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender-Responsive Planning | Budgeting & policy making | Social Welfare & Women Empowerment Dept | Inclusive development policies | Ongoing |
| Women's Economic Empowerment | Skill development & entrepreneurship | Rural Development & Panchayat Raj Dept | Increased women workforce | 2-3 years |
| Inclusive Governance | Gender mainstreaming in governance | Home, Prohibition & Excise Dept | Better service delivery | Ongoing |
| Innovation Partnership | UNICEF-OECD-TNPSC collaboration | TNPSC & Innovation Office | Evidence-based policymaking | 6 months |
🎯 SDG Goal 5 - Gender Equality Targets
End discrimination against women & girls
Eliminate violence against women
Eliminate harmful practices (child marriage, FGM)
Recognize unpaid care work
Ensure women's participation in leadership
Universal access to reproductive health
Equal rights to economic resources
Enhance technology for women empowerment
Women Empowerment Organizations & Laws
UN Women: 2010 (New York)
NCW: National Commission for Women (1992)
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao: 2015 scheme
Maternity Benefit Act: 26 weeks paid leave (2017)
Domestic Violence Act: 2005 protection law
POSH Act: 2013 workplace safety
Hindu Succession Act: 2005 amendment for daughters
TNPSC: Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission (1929)
14
Federal Bank's 'The Fortuna Wave' - Complete Analysis
🏦 Federal Bank Evolution Timeline
| Year | Milestone | Significance | Impact | Current Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1931 | Founded in Aluva, Kerala | Started as Travancore Federal Bank | Regional banking presence | Historical foundation |
| 1947 | Name changed to Federal Bank | Post-independence rebranding | National identity formation | Name established |
| 1970s | Expansion across India | Became scheduled commercial bank | National footprint | Multi-state presence |
| 1990s | Technology adoption | Early computerization | Operational efficiency | Tech foundation laid |
| 2010s | Digital banking push | Mobile & internet banking | Customer convenience | Digital transformation |
| 2026 | 'The Fortuna Wave' launch | Complete brand refresh | Modern digital identity | Current brand identity |
🎨 Brand Identity Elements Analysis
Three Wave Elements: Symbolizing core values
Wave 1 - Authenticity: Transparency & integrity
Wave 2 - Togetherness: Community & collaboration
Wave 3 - Prosperity: Growth & wealth creation
Color Palette: Digital-friendly vibrant colors
Typography: Fluid, rounded modern typeface
Yellow Underline: Preserved for brand continuity
Design Philosophy: Fluid over boxed structure
📱 Digital Transformation Features
Mobile Optimization: Design optimized for mobile banking apps
Online Visibility: Improved across digital platforms
Service Integration: Retail, corporate, NRI banking unified
Future Readiness: Prepared for next-gen banking
Customer Experience: Enhanced through modern design
Competitive Edge: Differentiation in crowded market
Banking Sector Reforms & Regulations
RBI Establishment: April 1, 1935 under RBI Act 1934
Nationalisation Waves: 14 banks (1969), 6 more (1980)
Private Banks: IndusInd Bank first license (1994)
Payment Systems: UPI, NEFT, RTGS, IMPS
Regulatory Bodies: RBI, SEBI, IRDAI, PFRDA
Deposit Insurance: DICGC covers ₹5 lakh per depositor
Board for Financial Supervision: 1994 under RBI
Financial Inclusion: PMJDY, BC model, UPI 123PAY
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